Idiopathic hypersomnia with and without long sleep time: a controlled series of 75 patients

C. Vernet and I. Arnulf

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Objective :

To characterize the clinical, psychological, and sleep pattern of idiopathic hypersomnia with and without long sleep time, and provide normative values for 24-hour polysomnography.

Methods :

75 patients with idiopathic hypersomnia and 30 healthy matched controls.

inclusion criteria

        - excessive daytime sleepiness occurring daily for at least three months
        - no improvement with an increase of the nighttime length for 15 days
        - mean sleep latency (MSL) during the MSLT lower than 8 minutes and no more than one sleep onset REM period, or a total sleep time > 660 min (i.e. 11/ 24 hours) on long-term sleep monitoring
 

Exclusion criteria:

Sleep disordered breathing
Narcolepsy
Hypersomnia due to a medical or psychiatric condition
Hypersomnia due to drug or substance

Interventions :

        - first night polysomnography
        - multiple sleep latency  test (MSLT)
        - 24-hour ad libitum sleep monitoring
        - human leukocyte antigen genotype
        - face-to face interview, questionnaires

Conclusion :

Hypersomnia, especially with long sleep time, is frequently associated with evening chronotype and young age.
It is inadequately diagnosed using MSLT.

 Poster en format pdf